Can I run Mistral-7B-Instruct-v0.2 on an RTX 5090?

Yes

Its published weights (14.5 GB) fit in the 28.8 GB an RTX 5090 can use, with room for ≈ 32K tokens of context.

hf download mistralai/Mistral-7B-Instruct-v0.2

Files and context on RTX 5090

Each file of Mistral-7B-Instruct-v0.2 (and of GGUF versions the site has analyzed), and how much context fits next to it, with the context cache in 16-bit or 8-bit.

Mistral-7B-Instruct-v0.2 on other hardware

Popular models that run on RTX 5090

Assumes 90% of the card's memory is usable and at least 4K tokens of context for one conversation, with the context cache in 16-bit unless noted. Fits leaves at least 20% of that memory for context; Tight leaves less.